Question 1 What form of electromagnetic radiation is used to detect extrasolar planets by direct observation? Select one: a. microwave b. x-ray c. infrared d. ultraviolet Question 2 What was the name of the NASA observatory that was used to detect extrasolar planets with the transit method? Select one: a. Hubble b. Kepler c. Spitzer d. Keck Question 3 One thing that sets Earth apart from the other terrestrial planets (and all of the planets in the Solar System) is plate tectonics. In your own words, describe what plate tectonics is, what drives it, and how it shapes the surface of the Earth. Why don't plate tectonic processes currently operate on the other planets? Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 4 What is so unusual about Pluto's orbit? Select one: a. It lies exactly on the ecliptic. b. Its orbital period is twice that of Neptune's. c. It has the lowest eccentricity of any planet's orbit. d. It is more inclined to the ecliptic than any of the planets. Question 5 Which is a true statement about sunspots? Select one: a. Sunspots are always found close to the Sun's poles. b. Sunspots are relatively constant in number every year. c. Sunspots travel over the surface of the Sun from pole to pole. d. Sunspots are typically found in pairs, representing north and south magnetic fields. Question 6 In your own words, describe what happens in the convection zone of the Sun. What are the visible results of this process? Answer in ~1 paragraph. Question 7 First, describe the surface of Mars in your own words. Describe 2-3 processes that have shaped the surface of Mars, now and/or in the past. Next, explain how we know what the surface of Mars is like and what scientists are hoping to learn about the planet during future missions. NOTE: This is an extended essay question worth 40 points. Your response should be formatted as a multi-paragraph essay with attention to essay structure, grammar mechanics, and APA formatting. Please include an introduction, a conclusion, and 3-4 body paragraphs. Include in-text citations and references. At least two of your sources should come from this lesson. Question 8 Which of the terrestrial planets has the largest volcanoes in our solar system? Select one: a. Mercury b. Venus c. Earth d. Mars Question 9 Select any two of the exoplanet-detecting methods described at the website Five Ways to Find a Planet. Briefly describe how each method works. For each method, describe how effective it has been thus far, and discuss some of its benefits and limitations. Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 10 Question text Which of the Jovian planets is the least dense, and in fact, if small enough, could float in a tub of water? Select one: a. Jupiter b. Saturn c. Uranus d. Neptune Question 11 Answer savedMarked out of 2Not flaggedFlag question Question text What makes up 77% of the composition of the atmosphere of Earth? Select one: a. oxygen b. nitrogen c. hydrogen d. carbon dioxide Question 12 Answer savedMarked out of 2Not flaggedFlag question Question text When taking into account the complete magnetic cycle of sunspot activity on the Sun, approximately how many years is the cycle? Select one: a. 7 years b. 11 years c. 22 years d. 40 years Question 13 Not yet answeredMarked out of 4Not flaggedFlag question Question text Compare and contrast the compositions of the Jovian planets. How are they similar? How do they differ? What explains some of the compositional differences? Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Embed Kaltura Media Question 14 Answer savedMarked out of 2Not flaggedFlag question Question text What is the distance of Kuiper belt objects from the Sun? Select one: a. 2-5 AU b. 10-20 AU c. 30-50 AU d. 100-150 AU Question 15 Select any two terrestrial planets. Compare and contrast their atmospheres (including composition, thickness, temperature, etc.) What are the similarities and differences between the atmospheres of these two planets? What explains those similarities/differences? Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 16 Why was Pluto "demoted" to dwarf planet status? How is it similar to, and different from, the other dwarf planets in our Solar System? Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 17 Watch one of the TED talks in Multimedia 5.3. Then describe 2-3 things you learned from this talk. How did this talk help clarify some of the concepts presented in the related readings? Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. (Be sure to indicate which talk you viewed.) Question 18 Select any two moons described in Chapter 12 of OpenStax Astronomy. Briefly describe each one, and explain why you think it is particularly interesting. If you were a planetary scientist, what would you want to research/study with respect to each of these moons, and why? Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 19 How do asteroids differ from planets, moons, and other objects in our Solar System? Where do most of them reside? Why is asteroid research so important? Provide two reasons. Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 20 In your own words, describe the appearance and temperature of the Sun's photosphere. Why does the surface look mottled? Answer in your own words in a few sentences. Question 21 Which of the Jovian planets has the most visible rings? Select one: a. Jupiter b. Saturn c. Uranus d. Neptune